GEOGRAPHY_DISTANCE

GEOGRAPHY_DISTANCE ( geo1, geo2 )

CREATE ROWSTORE TABLE neighborhoods (
  id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
  name VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
  population INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  shape GEOGRAPHY NOT NULL,
  centroid GEOGRAPHYPOINT NOT NULL,
  index (shape) WITH (resolution = 8),
  index (centroid)
  );

  INSERT INTO neighborhoods VALUES
  (1, "Hamilton", 12346, "POLYGON((1 1,2 1,2 2, 1 2, 1 1))","POINT(1.5 1.5)"),
  (2, "Probability Bay", 263951, "POLYGON((5 1,6 1,6 2,5 2,5 1))", "POINT(5.5 1.5)"),
  (3, "Decentralized Park", 29265, "POLYGON((5 5,6 5,6 6,5 6,5 5))", "POINT(5.5 5.5)"),
  (4, "Axiom Township", 845696, "POLYGON((1 5,2 5,2 6,1 6,1 5))", "POINT(1.5 5.5)"),
  (5, "Elegant Island ", 987654, "POLYGON((3 3,4 3,4 4,3 4,3 3))", "POINT(3.5 3.5)");

SELECT b.name AS neighbor,
  ROUND(GEOGRAPHY_DISTANCE(a.shape, b.shape), 0) AS distance_from_border
  FROM neighborhoods a, neighborhoods b
  WHERE a.id = 2
  ORDER BY 1;

+---------------------+----------------------+
| neighbor            | distance_from_border |
+---------------------+----------------------+
| Axiom Township      | 471030.0             |
| Decentralized Park  | 333399.0             |
| Elegant Island      | 157090.0             |
| Hamilton            | 333195.0             |
| Probability Bay     | 0.0                  |
+---------------------+----------------------+