The SingleStore JDBC Driver

The SingleStore JDBC Driver can be used to connect your SingleStore databases to Java-based applications, like BI and ETL tools. It is a Type 4 JDBC 4.2 compatible driver licensed under GNU LGPL.

Driver Compatibility

The SingleStore JDBC Driver is compatible with:

  • Java 21, Java 17, Java 11, and Java 8

  • JDBC 4.2

  • SingleStore v7.5+. Refer to the following compatibility matrix for information on SingleStore database version supported for each SingleStore JDBC driver version.

Prerequisites

To build the SingleStore JDBC Driver from source, you'll need:

Note

Maven is not an absolute requirement for using the driver with other applications.

Download and Install the SingleStore JDBC Driver

You can install the SingleStore JDBC Driver with any of the following methods.

Note

To find the latest version of the driver, see SingleStore JDBC Driver Releases on GitHub.

Install with Maven

Include the following dependency in your pom.xml file, to install the driver using Maven. Be sure to replace the value in <version></version> with the version you want to use:

<dependency>
<groupId>com.singlestore</groupId>
<artifactId>singlestore-jdbc-client</artifactId>
<version>x.x.x</version>
</dependency>

Install without Maven

If your project does not use Maven, you can download the .jar from GitHub or Maven Repository and include it in your project (install in your CLASSPATH) to use it.

Build from Source

To build the SingleStore JDBC Driver from source, follow these steps:

  1. Clone the S2-JDBC-Connector repository using the following command:

    git clone https://github.com/memsql/S2-JDBC-Connector.git
  2. Execute the following command from the root of the repository:

    mvn -Dmaven.test.skip -Dmaven.javadoc.skip package

    This command generates a singlestore-jdbc-client-<version>.jar file in the target subdirectory. Install this file in a directory in your JAVA CLASSPATH to use the driver.

Use the SingleStore JDBC Driver

There are two methods to connect using the SingleStore JDBC Driver: using the DriverManager class or using a connection pool. You will also need a connection string to get a connection.

Note

To use the SingleStore JDBC Driver in external applications, specify the JDBC Driver Class as com.singlestore.jdbc.Driver

Connection String Format

The connection string must have the following format:

jdbc:singlestore:[loadbalance:|sequential:]//<hostDescription>[,<hostDescription>...]/[database][?<key1>=<value1>[&<key2>=<value2>]]
hostDescription:
<host>[:port] | address=(host=<host>)[(port=<port>)][(type=(master|slave))]
  • The default for port is 3306. The default host type is master.

  • The host must be an IP address or DNS name. If the host is an IPv6 address, then it must be enclosed within square brackets.

See Connection String Parameters for more information. Here's a sample connection string:

"jdbc:singlestore://localhost:3306/test?user=root&password=myPassword"

Connect using the DriverManager Class

The DriverManager class automatically configures the application and loads the SingleStore JDBC Driver. Here is some sample code that uses the DriverManager class:

Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:singlestore://localhost:3306/test?user=root&password=myPassword");
Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT NOW()");
rs.next();
System.out.println(rs.getTimestamp(1));

Connect using the Connection Pool

You can also get a connection with SingleStore JDBC Driver via a connection pool. There are two DataSource implementations that you may choose from to use a connection pool.

  • The SingleStoreDataSource is a basic implementation that returns a new connection each time the getConnection() method is called.

  • The SingleStorePoolDataSource is a connection pool implementation that maintains a pool of connections. A connection is borrowed from the pool each time a new connection is requested.

Failover and Load-Balancing Modes

The SingleStore JDBC Driver supports the following failover/load-balancing modes:

Mode

Description

sequential

In this mode, the driver tries to connect with the hosts in the order in which they are declared in the connection string. Hence, the first available host is used for all the queries.

loadbalance

The driver randomly selects a host from the connection string, for each connection, to perform load-balancing on all the queries. Hence, the queries are load-balanced by randomly distributing the connections across all the hosts.

Connection String Parameters

The SingleStore JDBC Driver supports the following parameters in the connection string.

Essential Parameters

Parameter

Description

Default Value

Supported Driver Version

user

Username for the database.

1.0.0+

password

The password of the database user.

1.0.0+

connectTimeout

The connection timeout value (in ms). Set to 0 to disable connection timeout.

30000

1.0.0+

useServerPrepStmts

Enables using PrepareStatements. PrepareStatements are pre-compiled on the server-side before executing. Applications that use the same queries repeatedly can enable this option. In general, it's preferable to leave this parameter as FALSE, because SingleStore has wider support of queries in text protocol and has internal mechanisms of query parameterization.

FALSE

1.0.0+

allowLocalInfile

Allows users to load data from the local filesystem. See LOAD DATA for more information on loading data into SingleStore.

FALSE

1.0.0+

TLS Parameters

Parameter

Description

Default Value

Supported Driver Version

sslMode

Specifies the SSL/TLS mode. It can have one of the following values:

  • disable: Disable the use of SSL/TLS.

  • trust: Use SSL/TLS only for encryption, and do not perform certificate or hostname verification. SingleStore does not recommend this mode for production environments.

  • verify-ca: Use SSL/TLS for encryption and perform certificate verification, but do not perform hostname verification.

  • verify-full: Use SSL/TLS for encryption, certificate verification, and hostname verification.

The following parameters can override the behavior of sslMode:

  • useSsl

  • disableSslHostnameVerification

  • trustServerCertificate

Refer to sslMode and useSsl Behavior for more information.

disable

1.0.0+

enabledSslCipherSuites

Specifies a comma-separated list of TLS ciphers. If specified, forces the TLS protocol to only use the specified ciphers.

For example, "TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384"

1.0.0+

enabledSslProtocolSuites

Specifies a comma-separated list of TLS versions. If specified, forces the TLS protocol to only use the specified version(s).

For example, "TLSv1, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2"

1.0.0+

keyStore

Specifies the path of the keyStore file that contains the client private keys and associated certificates.

1.0.0+

keyStorePassword

Specifies the password for the keyStore file.

1.0.0+

keyStoreType

Specifies the key store type, for example, JKS and PKCS12.

1.0.0+

keyPassword

Specifies the password for the private key in the client certificate keyStore file.

1.2.1+

serverSslCert

Use this parameter to specify the server's certificate in DER format or specify the server's CA certificate. The server is added to trustStor, which allows the connection to trust a self-signed certificate.

You can specify the server certificate in one of the following formats:

  • Specify the complete path: serverSslCert=/full_path/cert.pem

  • Specify a relative path: serverSslCert=classpath:relative/cert.pem

  • Specify a DER-encoded certificate string: "------BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----"

1.0.0+

trustStore

Specifies the path of the trustStore file, and uses the specified file for trusted root certificates. If this parameter is set, it overrides the serverSslCert parameter.

1.1.4+

trustStorePassword

Specifies the password for the trusted root certificate file.

1.1.4+

trustStoreType

Specifies the trust store type, for example, JKS and PKCS12.

null

1.1.4+

disableSslHostnameVerification

Disables hostname verification against the server's identity as specified in the server's certificate to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks. This parameter is effective only when the useSsl parameter is enabled.

Refer to sslMode and useSsl Behavior for related information.

false

1.0.0+

trustServerCertificate

Enable this parameter to skip checking the server's certificate when used in conjunction with SSL/TLS. This parameter is effective only when the useSsl parameter is enabled.

Refer to sslMode and useSsl Behavior for related information.

FALSE

1.0.0+

useSsl

Force enables SSL/TLS on the connection. Use useSSL as an alias for this parameter.

Refer to sslMode and useSsl Behavior for related information.

FALSE

1.0.0+

sslMode and useSsl Behavior

The sslMode and useSsl parameters can both be used to enable SSL/TLS on the connection. However, the useSsl parameter can override the value of sslMode parameter when used in conjunction with the disableSslHostnameVerification and trustServerCertificate parameters.

The following table shows the equivalent sslMode for different combinations of useSsl, disableSslHostnameVerification, and trustServerCertificate

useSsl

trustServerCertificate

disableSslHostnameVerification

Equivalent sslMode

FALSE

Ignored

Ignored

disable

TRUE

TRUE

Ignored

trust

TRUE

FALSE

TRUE

verify-ca

TRUE

FALSE

FALSE

verify-full

Pool Parameters

Parameter

Description

Default Value

Supported Driver Version

pool

Specifies that the connection uses a connection pool. Enable this option to use a connection object, but not a DataSource object.

FALSE

1.0.0+

poolName

Specifies the pool name that allows identifying threads. The poolName is auto-generated by default.

SingleStore-pool-<pool-index>

1.0.0+

maxPoolSize

Specifies the maximum number of physical connections for a connection pool.

8

1.0.0+

minPoolSize

Specifies the minimum number of physical connections that must always be available in a connection pool. minPoolSize should never be greater than maxPoolSize.

maxPoolSize

1.0.0+

poolValidMinDelay

Disables connection state validation for connections that request a new connection within the time limit specified through poolValidMinDelay. The time limit must be specified in ms. If set to 0, each connection request is validated.

1000

1.0.0+

maxIdleTime

Specifies the maximum amount of time (in seconds) a connection can stay in the pool in idle state. This parameter can be set to a minimum of 2 seconds.

600

1.0.0+

useResetConnection

When enabled, resets the connection state, deletes the prepare command, resets the session variables, and removes the user variables. User variables are removed only when the server allows deleting them.

FALSE

1.0.0+

Log Parameters

Parameter

Description

Default Value

Supported Driver Version

log

Enables information logging.

FALSE

maxQuerySizeToLog

Specifies the size of the query statement to include in the log.

1024

1.0.0+

slowQueryThresholdNanos

Logs queries with execution time greater than the value specified using this parameter.

1024

profileSql

Enables logging the query execution time.

FALSE

Other Parameters

Parameter

Description

Default Value

Supported Driver Version

allowMultiQueries

Enables multi-query statements.

FALSE

1.0.0+

autocommit

Sets the autocommit value to the default value on connection initialization.

TRUE

1.0.0+

blankTableNameMeta

Returns a blank value for table name in the getTableName metadata result set.

FALSE

1.0.0+

cachePrepStmts

If useServerPrepStmts is set to TRUE, enabling cachePrepStmts caches prepared statements in a LRU cache to avoid preparing the query again, which allows the server from re-parsing a query.

TRUE

1.0.0+

connectionAttributes

Set client information in key:value pair format, when performance_schema is enabled. This is currently only enabled on the client side (does not send the key:value pairs to the server). Best practice is to use this parameter to identify the calling client for special handling in the driver and in future telemetry information for SingleStore.

1.0.0+

consoleLogFilepath

Specifies the path of the console log file. If the consoleLogLevel and consoleLogFilepath parameters are set to NULL, the SLF4J logger is used.

NULL

1.2.0+

consoleLogLevel

Specifies the console log level. It can have one of the following values: ERROR, WARN, INFO, DEBUG, and TRACE. If the consoleLogLevel and consoleLogFilepath parameters are set to NULL, the SLF4J logger is used.

INFO

1.1.6+

createDatabaseIfNotExist

When enabled, the database specified in the connection string is created if it doesn't already exist.

FALSE

1.1.9+

credentialType

Specifies the credential plugin type. The plugin must be added to CLASSPATH.

1.0.0+

defaultFetchSize

Calls the setFetchSize(n) method with the value specified using the defaultFetchSize parameter.

0

1.0.0+

dumpQueriesOnException

Enables logging the query string when an exception is thrown during query execution.

FALSE

1.0.0+

includeThreadDumpInDeadlockExceptions

Adds thread dump to exception trace log in case of a deadlock exception.

FALSE

1.0.0+

initSql

Specifies the commands to run when a new connection is created.

1.1.9+

localSocket

Enables connecting to a database socket via a UNIX domain socket (if allowed by the server).

1.0.0+

localSocketAddress

Binds the specified hostname or IP address to a local (UNIX domain) socket.

1.0.0+

maxAllowedPacket

If enabled, allows the driver to avoid sending commands with packet size greater than max_allowed_packet and throw an error instead of dropping the connection. If this parameter is not set or set to NULL, it is ignored.

1.2.0+

maxPrintStackSizeToLog

Limits the number of stack trace lines to log.

10

1.1.9+

prepStmtCacheSize

If useServerPrepStmts is set to TRUE, prepStmtCacheSize specifies the prepared statement cache size.

250

1.0.0+

printStackTrace

When enabled, it prints the stack trace for the TRACE log level.

FALSE

1.1.9+

restrictedAuth

Specifies a comma-separated list of client authentication plugins to allow. If this parameter is set, allowed authentication plugins are restricted to the specified list. By default (when restrictedAuth is not set), the driver allows all supported client authentication plugins.

For example, the following connection string only allows the mysql_native_password and client_ed25519 client authentication plugins:

jdbc:singlestore:<host:port>/dbTest?restrictedAuth=mysql_native_password,client_ed25519

null

1.0.0+

rewriteBatchedStatements

If enabled, sends multiple rows in a single query. Note that, if the useServerPrepStmts parameter is enabled, rewriteBatchedStatements has no effect (it is ignored). The queries must be specified in the INSERT INTO <table-name> (column-list) VALUES (...) format.

FALSE

1.1.5+

sessionVariable

Sets SingleStore session variables specified as <var_name> = <value> pairs.

socketFactory

Specifies the name of the custom socket factory to use. Specify the full name of the class that implements javax.net.SocketFactory.

1.0.0+

socketTimeout

Specifies the network socket timeout (in ms). If set to 0, socket timeout is disabled.

0

1.0.0+

tcpAbortiveClose

Resets TCP connections (through abort or hard close) instead of orderly closing connections. This option is useful in environments where connections are opened and closed frequently. In such environments, it may not be possible to create new sockets because all ports are used by connections in TCP_WAIT state.

1.0.0+

tcpKeepAlive

Enables TCPKeepAlive for the JDBC client to keep idle TCP connections connected.

TRUE

1.0.0+

tcpKeepCount

Specifies the number of keepalive probes (checks) sent to check if the connection is active before the connection is considered closed if no response is received.

This parameter is only supported in Java version 11+.

null

1.0.0+

tcpKeepIdle

Specifies the timeout (in seconds) the connection can remain idle before sending keepalive probes (checks).

This parameter is only supported in Java version 11+.

null

1.0.0+

tcpKeepInterval

Specifies the interval (in seconds) between each keepalive probe (check) sent if a response is not received for a previous probe.

This parameter is only supported in Java version 11+.

null

1.0.0+

tinyInt1isBit

Maps MySQL Tiny data type to BIT (boolean) data type.

TRUE

1.0.0+

tlsSocketType

Uses the TLS com.singlestore.jdbc.tls.TlsSocketPlugin plugin. The plugin must be added to CLASSPATH.

1.0.0+

transformedBitIsBoolean

Maps the TINYINT data type transformed using tinyInt1isBit from BIT to BOOLEAN. This parameter is effective only when tinyInt1isBit is enabled. A TINYINT value of 0 is considered FALSE, and non-zero values are considered TRUE.

FALSE

1.2.0+

useReadAheadInput

Enables using a buffered inputStream to read available socket data

TRUE

1.0.0+

yearIsDateType

Converts year values from numerical to DATE type.

TRUE

1.0.0+

Failover and Load Balancing Parameters

Parameter

Description

Default Value

Supported Driver Version

retriesAllDown

Specifies the maximum time until the driver retries connection attempts before throwing an exception, when the driver is performing a failover and all hosts are down.

120

1.0.0+

deniedListTimeout

Specifies the time duration a failed host remains in the denied list when the connector is performing a failover.

60

1.0.0+

transactionReplay

Specifies if the current transaction can have a completely transparent failover. To enable this parameter, all the commands must be idempotent (return the same result at each run).

FALSE

1.0.0+

transactionReplaySize

Specifies the maximum size limit for the replay cache buffer. If a transaction exceeds the specified limit and a failover occurs, the transaction throws an exception and it is not replayed.

64

1.2.0+

Last modified: December 4, 2024

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