BIT_XOR

Performs an XOR function on corresponding pairs of bits (i.e., the first pair of bits, the second pair of bits, etc.).

Since BIT_XOR is an aggregate function, it can be used with the GROUP BY clause.

May be used as a window function.

Syntax

Aggregate Function

BIT_XOR  (<expr1>, <expr2>)

Window Function

BIT_XOR(col | expr) OVER (
    [PARTITION BY (col | expr), ...] 
    [ORDER BY (col | expr), ...]

Arguments

  • expression: expressions must be integer data types.

Return Type

This will result in a one if two of the corresponding bits are different.  If the bits are the same it will return a zero.

Examples

Aggregate Function

CREATE TABLE ba_numeric_sample (group_name varchar(10), ltr_val int);
INSERT INTO ba_numeric_sample VALUES
('alpha', 111), ('beta', 110), ('gamma', 000), ('delta', 001);
SELECT group_name, BIT_XOR(001) FROM ba_numeric_sample GROUP BY group_name;
+-------------------------+
|group_name | BIT_AND(001)|
+-------------------------+
|alpha      | 1           |
+-----------|-------------+
|beta       | 1           |
+-----------|-------------+
|delta      | 1           |
+-----------|-------------+
|gamma      | 1           |
+-----------+-------------+

Window Function

CREATE TABLE player_scores(player_name VARCHAR(50), player_id VARCHAR(10), 
    1st_qtr_score DECIMAL(5,2), 2nd_qtr_score DECIMAL(5,2), 
    3rd_qtr_score DECIMAL(5,2), 4th_qtr_score DECIMAL(5,2), 
    yearly_total AS 1st_qtr_score + 2nd_qtr_score + 3rd_qtr_score + 4th_qtr_score PERSISTED DECIMAL(5,2));
INSERT INTO player_scores VALUES
    ('Steve', '119','22.50','72.00', '63.00', '45.00'),
    ('Jack', '432', '90.10', '78.00','88.20', '92.20'),
    ('Jim', '779','75.00', '68.90','55.70', '72.00'), 
    ('Eve', '189','91.50', '88.10', '95.00', '94.50'),
    ('Shelia','338', '75.60', '72.00', '81.10', '78.40'),
    ('June', '521', '81.00', '87.30','76.80','82.20'),
    ('Martin', '674','98.80', '95.10', '88.00', '96.40')
SELECT player_name, 1st_qtr_score, 2nd_qtr_score,
bit_xor(3rd_qtr_score) OVER (ORDER BY 2nd_qtr_score)
FROM player_scores
ORDER BY player_name;
+-------------+---------------+---------------+-----------------------------+
| player_name | 1st_qtr_score | 2nd_qtr_score | bit_xor(3rd_qtr_score) OVER |
|             |               |               |(ORDER BY 2nd_qtr_score)     |                           
+-------------+---------------+---------------+-----------------------------+
| Eve         |         91.50 |         88.10 |                          28 |
| Jack        |         90.10 |         78.00 |                          14 |
| Jim         |         75.00 |         68.90 |                          56 |
| June        |         81.00 |         87.30 |                          67 |
| Martin      |         98.80 |         95.10 |                          68 |
| Shelia      |         75.60 |         72.00 |                          86 |
| Steve       |         22.50 |         72.00 |                          86 |
+-------------+---------------+---------------+-----------------------------+

Last modified: February 23, 2023

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Verification instructions

Note: You must install cosign to verify the authenticity of the SingleStore file.

Use the following steps to verify the authenticity of singlestoredb-server, singlestoredb-toolbox, singlestoredb-studio, and singlestore-client SingleStore files that have been downloaded.

You may perform the following steps on any computer that can run cosign, such as the main deployment host of the cluster.

  1. (Optional) Run the following command to view the associated signature files.

    curl undefined
  2. Download the signature file from the SingleStore release server.

    • Option 1: Click the Download Signature button next to the SingleStore file.

    • Option 2: Copy and paste the following URL into the address bar of your browser and save the signature file.

    • Option 3: Run the following command to download the signature file.

      curl -O undefined
  3. After the signature file has been downloaded, run the following command to verify the authenticity of the SingleStore file.

    echo -n undefined |
    cosign verify-blob --certificate-oidc-issuer https://oidc.eks.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/id/CCDCDBA1379A5596AB5B2E46DCA385BC \
    --certificate-identity https://kubernetes.io/namespaces/freya-production/serviceaccounts/job-worker \
    --bundle undefined \
    --new-bundle-format -
    Verified OK